Folic acid, also known as folate or vitamin B9, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including cell division and DNA synthesis. Research in this area primarily focuses on the effects of folic acid deficiency or supplementation on human health, particularly in relation to pregnancy outcomes, neural tube defects, cardiovascular disease, and certain types of cancer. Studies have shown that adequate folic acid intake is essential for preventing birth defects, supporting healthy fetal development, and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Overall, research in the field of folic acid aims to enhance understanding of its biological mechanisms and explore its potential therapeutic applications in improving health outcomes.